填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针/填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针 II
问题描述
给定一个完美二叉树,其所有叶子节点都在同一层,每个父节点都有两个子节点。二叉树定义如下:
struct Node {
int val;
Node *left;
Node *right;
Node *next;
}
填充它的每个 next 指针,让这个指针指向其下一个右侧节点。如果找不到下一个右侧节点,则将 next 指针设置为 NULL。
初始状态下,所有 next 指针都被设置为 NULL
示例:
输入:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":4},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":5},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"5","left":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":6},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"7","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"val":3},"val":1}
输出:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":{"$id":"5","left":null,"next":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"right":null,"val":6},"right":null,"val":5},"right":null,"val":4},"next":{"$id":"7","left":{"$ref":"5"},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"6"},"val":3},"right":{"$ref":"4"},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"7"},"val":1}
解释:给定二叉树如图 A 所示,你的函数应该填充它的每个 next 指针,以指向其下一个右侧节点,如图 B 所示。
提示:
你只能使用常量级额外空间。
使用递归解题也符合要求,本题中递归程序占用的栈空间不算做额外的空间复杂度。
来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/populating-next-right-pointers-in-each-node
思路
- 将二叉树按层存储到 vector<Node*> res中,我用的是深搜。详情可以见 https://www.irene.ink/archives/77/
- 然后,除每层的最后一个节点外,让每个节点
res[i][j]
的next指向res[i][j+1]
,最后一个节点res[i][res[i].size()-1]
的next指向nullptr; - 最后,返回根节点root即可。
题解
/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public:
int val;
Node* left;
Node* right;
Node* next;
Node() {}
Node(int _val, Node* _left, Node* _right, Node* _next) {
val = _val;
left = _left;
right = _right;
next = _next;
}
};
*/
class Solution {
public:
vector<vector<Node *>> res;
Node *connect(Node *root) {
if(root== nullptr)
return root;
dfs(root,0);
for(int i=0;i<res.size();i++){
for(int j=0;j<res[i].size()-1;j++){
res[i][j]->next=res[i][j+1];
}
res[i][res[i].size()-1]->next= nullptr;
}
return root;
}
void dfs(Node *node,int dep){
if(node== nullptr) return;
if(dep+1>res.size()) res.push_back(vector<Node *>{});
res[dep].push_back(node);
if(node->left!= nullptr) dfs(node->left,dep+1);
if(node->right!= nullptr) dfs(node->right,dep+1);
}
};