填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针/填充每个节点的下一个右侧节点指针 II

问题描述

给定一个完美二叉树,其所有叶子节点都在同一层,每个父节点都有两个子节点。二叉树定义如下:

struct Node {
int val;
Node *left;
Node *right;
Node *next;
}
填充它的每个 next 指针,让这个指针指向其下一个右侧节点。如果找不到下一个右侧节点,则将 next 指针设置为 NULL。
初始状态下,所有 next 指针都被设置为 NULL

示例:

输入:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":4},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":5},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"5","left":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":6},"next":null,"right":{"$id":"7","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"val":3},"val":1}

输出:{"$id":"1","left":{"$id":"2","left":{"$id":"3","left":null,"next":{"$id":"4","left":null,"next":{"$id":"5","left":null,"next":{"$id":"6","left":null,"next":null,"right":null,"val":7},"right":null,"val":6},"right":null,"val":5},"right":null,"val":4},"next":{"$id":"7","left":{"$ref":"5"},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"6"},"val":3},"right":{"$ref":"4"},"val":2},"next":null,"right":{"$ref":"7"},"val":1}

解释:给定二叉树如图 A 所示,你的函数应该填充它的每个 next 指针,以指向其下一个右侧节点,如图 B 所示。

提示:
你只能使用常量级额外空间。
使用递归解题也符合要求,本题中递归程序占用的栈空间不算做额外的空间复杂度。

来源:力扣(LeetCode)
链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/populating-next-right-pointers-in-each-node

思路

  • 将二叉树按层存储到 vector<Node*> res中,我用的是深搜。详情可以见 https://www.irene.ink/archives/77/
  • 然后,除每层的最后一个节点外,让每个节点res[i][j]的next指向res[i][j+1],最后一个节点res[i][res[i].size()-1]的next指向nullptr;
  • 最后,返回根节点root即可。

题解

/*
// Definition for a Node.
class Node {
public:
    int val;
    Node* left;
    Node* right;
    Node* next;

    Node() {}

    Node(int _val, Node* _left, Node* _right, Node* _next) {
        val = _val;
        left = _left;
        right = _right;
        next = _next;
    }
};
*/
class Solution {
public:
    vector<vector<Node *>> res;
    Node *connect(Node *root) {
        if(root== nullptr)
            return root;
        dfs(root,0);
        for(int i=0;i<res.size();i++){
            for(int j=0;j<res[i].size()-1;j++){
                res[i][j]->next=res[i][j+1];
            }
            res[i][res[i].size()-1]->next= nullptr;
        }
        return root;
    }
    void dfs(Node *node,int dep){
        if(node== nullptr) return;
        if(dep+1>res.size()) res.push_back(vector<Node *>{});
        res[dep].push_back(node);
        if(node->left!= nullptr) dfs(node->left,dep+1);
        if(node->right!= nullptr) dfs(node->right,dep+1);
    }
};

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